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The Mozambique Drill in 60 seconds (BLUF)

• What it is: Draw and fire two rounds to the body, then one precise shot to the head, on a single target at seven yards. Also called the Failure Drill or Failure to Stop.
• Why it exists: It trains the moment your first response doesn’t work — two fast hits, no reaction, and now you need one slow, exact shot under pressure.
• What’s a good time? The classic par is 5 seconds from the holster at seven yards. Around 3 seconds you’re genuinely quick; world-class shooters have run it under one second up close.
• The hard part: The gear change. Your brain has to shift from “fast and loose” torso shots to a “small and exact” head shot mid-string — most people either rush the third shot and miss, or stall for half a second.
• Where exactly does shot three go? Not “the head” — the window between the eyebrows and the upper lip. Everywhere else on the skull is angled bone that can deflect a bullet.
• Three things almost nobody tells you: the 1974 shot that started it all landed in the neck, not the head; the LAPD renamed it the Failure Drill in 1980 over the name’s racial overtones; and most US police departments no longer teach the head shot at all.
• Train it anywhere: The 2+1 rhythm is a pattern skill. An airsoft pistol or a dry-fire rep against a par time on a free Airsoft Shot Timer app builds the same draw, cadence and transition without a single live round.

If you’ve seen John Wick clear a room — two quick shots to the chest, one to the head, next target — you’ve watched a Hollywood-polished Mozambique Drill. Keanu Reeves trained the pattern for the films, and Tom Cruise made an alley version of it famous in Collateral years earlier. But the drill wasn’t invented for the movies. It came out of a gunfight at an airport in 1974 — or at least out of a story about one, which turns out to be a distinction worth making — and it survives in competition warm-ups and training courses today because it tests something almost no other drill does: what you do when your first answer fails.

The Bill Drill in 60 seconds (BLUF)

• What it is: Draw and fire six rounds into the A-zone of one target at seven yards, as fast as you can keep them all in. That’s the whole drill.
• Why it’s brutal: Six shots leaves nowhere to hide. A bad grip, a slow draw, or flinching all show up instantly in your hits and your times.
• What’s a good time? From an open holster: roughly 4.5s for a new shooter, sub-3s for a solid club shooter, sub-2s for someone who can genuinely shoot. From concealment, add roughly half a second to every one of those — a clean sub-2 from concealment is genuinely rare, not a weekend goal.
• How fast is the record? Around 1.1 seconds for six A-zone hits, with a draw near 0.40s. It’s a legitimate number and a terrible training target — see below for why.
• What do real people shoot? In a documented advanced handgun class, students ran it in 2.85–4.03 seconds raw. Sub-2 is an internet standard, not an average one.
• With a rifle? Same six rounds, same seven yards, but from low ready instead of the holster — which puts the whole score on your recoil control. Around 1.5 seconds is the working par; under a second is the real ceiling.
• Does the gun matter? Not to the course of fire — six rounds and no reload means a revolver, a 1911 or a 21-round double-stack all run it unmodified. It matters enormously to the number: a compact carry pistol typically costs you a few tenths against a full-size competition gun, so log the gun next to the time.
• The two levers: Your draw (first shot) and your splits (time between shots). A shot timer breaks both out for you so you know which one to fix.
• Train it anywhere: You don’t need live fire to build the pattern. An airsoft pistol or a dry-fire rep with a par time on a free Airsoft Shot Timer app trains the exact same draw-and-run mechanics.

If you’ve ever watched someone at the range draw and rip six shots into a single target in about two seconds, you’ve probably seen a Bill Drill without knowing its name. To a bystander it looks like a John Wick impression. To anyone who trains seriously, it’s one of the most revealing tests in shooting — because there is absolutely nothing to it, and that’s exactly why it’s so hard to fake.